If a dimmer channel has a DMX address of 001 then it listens for the 001 part of the DMX signal then obeys the “channel level” value, 75% for instance. In order for all the DMX stage lighting fixtures to have their own part of the signal stream, each one has it’s own “address” which is set on the fixture using buttons or switches. The lighting console recieves no information in this one-way street. The signal is then transmitted over and over in “packets”, giving a regularly updated stream for the rig to obey. Information about each “DMX Channel” (in the old days, a dimmer number) and it’s level (0 – 100%) is transmitted down the DMX “Universe” cable and each DMX stage lighting fixture, moving light or smoke machine listens for it’s own part of the signal stream and ignores everything else. When a DMX Lighting Control talks – everyone else listens! (If you would like a DMX system that does, take a look at our RDM DMX article) Unlike modern networks, DMX lighting fixtures and their controller do not all “talk” to each other.
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This article was originally called “DMX Stage Lighting Systems – Get Them To Talk” but, apart from being a bit of a lame title, this actually misses the point of the serial DMX signal. This is particularly important when controlling moving lights as it minimises the cable required.
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The other plus point to DMX was (and still is) the fact that a signal cable could be daisy chained from one DMX unit to the next and the next until all the lighting equipment was connected by one single chain of signal cables. DMX had the advantage in that a total of 512 (hence the name DMX512) dimmer channels could be controlled using only a 2-core and Ground signal cable. Despite the advance in use of ethernet networking at the top of the professional lighting industry, DMX is still the best answer for most lighting control applications. Digital Multiplex (DMX) was developed as a standard digital theatre lighting control which replaced the older analogue systems that were used to control the dimmers in a stage lighting rig.
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